Corrections and Retractions Policy

Nusaxis Pustaka Mandiri and the editorial board of TROPHOS are committed to maintaining the accuracy, integrity, and transparency of the scholarly record. We recognize that errors may occur in scientific literature, and we have established the following procedures to address them in accordance with the principles of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).

This policy applies to all content published in TROPHOS, ensuring that the academic record remains reliable for researchers and readers.

1. General Principles

The purpose of corrections, retractions, and related notices is to ensure that readers are alerted to significant errors, ethical concerns, or reliability issues in published content. Our primary goal is to correct the literature and ensure its integrity, not to punish authors.

2. Corrections (Errata & Corrigenda)

A Correction notice will be issued when an error is identified that affects the clarity, accuracy, or interpretation of the article but does not invalidate the main findings or conclusions.

  • Erratum: Issued for errors introduced by the publisher during production (e.g., typographical errors, missing figures, or layout mistakes).

  • Corrigendum: Issued for errors made by the authors (e.g., calculation errors, incorrect affiliation, or omitted funding details).

Process:

  • The correction notice is published as a separate item in the current issue.

  • It is bi-directionally linked to the original article online.

  • The original article remains accessible, but a note is added to indicate a correction exists.

3. Retractions

A Retraction is a serious action taken to alert readers that the article contains such severe flaws or ethical breaches that the findings or conclusions can no longer be relied upon.

A retraction may be issued when:

  • There is clear evidence that the findings are unreliable, either as a result of misconduct (e.g., data fabrication, image manipulation) or honest error (e.g., miscalculation, experimental error).

  • The findings have previously been published elsewhere without proper cross-referencing, permission, or justification (i.e., redundant publication).

  • The article contains plagiarism.

  • The research reports unethical research or clearly violates the rights of human or animal subjects.

Process:

  • A Retraction Notice is published, clearly stating the reason (e.g., "Retracted due to plagiarism").

  • The original article remains accessible (except in rare legal cases) but is watermarked clearly as "RETRACTED" on every page of the PDF.

  • The retraction is linked to the original article in all indexing databases.

4. Expressions of Concern

An Expression of Concern may be issued by the Editor-in-Chief when:

  • There are serious allegations of misconduct or reliability, but investigations are inconclusive or ongoing.

  • The editors have well-founded concerns but do not yet have enough evidence for a full retraction.

This notice serves as an interim warning to readers while a full investigation takes place.

5. Article Removal

In extremely rare circumstances, Nusaxis Press may decide to remove an article from the online database completely. This occurs only when:

  • The article is clearly defamatory or infringes on legal rights.

  • The article is the subject of a court order.

  • The data in the article poses a serious health risk to the public.

In these cases, the metadata (Title and Authors) will remain, but the text will be replaced with a notice indicating the article has been removed for legal or safety reasons.

6. Handling & Decision Process

  • Reporting: Concerns can be raised by authors, readers, reviewers, or editors.

  • Investigation: The Editor-in-Chief will conduct an initial assessment. If necessary, they will consult with the Editorial Board or the author’s institution.

  • Decision: Decisions to correct or retract are made independently of commercial interests. Authors are given an opportunity to respond to allegations before a final decision is made.

  • Appeals: Authors who disagree with a decision may submit a formal written appeal to the Editorial Office.

7. Contact

To report an error or raise a concern regarding the integrity of a published article, please contact:

Editor-in-Chief, TROPHOS Email: [editorial@nusaxis.com]